Wednesday, January 27, 2016

4A Review

Smart Cities

  • Internet of Things: platform that the smart city depends on, how sensors communicate with people 
  • Be able to list at least one disadvantage of having publicly accessible data 
    • Privacy
    • Abuse of data
    • Hackers
    • Control by technology companies
  • What is a smart grid? (efficient distribution and usage of electricity)
  • Give an example of a technology you might find in a smart city (traffic lights, street lights, trash cans, tourist apps, traffic and snowplow apps to monitor real time conditions, filing reports with government, bike sharing)

Temporary Housing 
  • Be able to list 3 design considerations:
    • Domestic economy (local suppliers)
    • Rapid availability 
    • Ease of assembly/deployment 
    • Affordability 
    • Community participation
    • Compatibility with local living
    • Appropriate for duration of living (could it evolve into permanent structure if quality of living is high enough?)
    • Easy and non polluting disposal
    • Physical characteristics (surface area, topography, altitude, ambient temperature degree, wind speed, relative humidity, etc.)
    • Economic propsect of the temporary settlement 
  • Be able to give one example of a temporary housing design
    • Concrete tent
    • Superadobe structures
    • Pallet houses
    • Exo (stackable box)
    • Hexayurt

Population Growth Models
  • Exponential
    • No resource limitation, ideal situation
    • dN/dt = r*N where r = birth rate - death rate
  • Logistic
    • Carrying Capacity K = maximum sustainable population
    • dN/dt = r*N(K-N)/K
  • Ecosystem diversity increases stability. Empirical evidence:
    • Tilman Grassland Experiments. 
      • Decade long experiment. different number of types per plot
      • More types of plants increased the stability of the plot
    • Real world food webs are stable because interactions between species are weak
  • Why are food chains so short? 
    • Most 3-4 trophic levels
    • Energetic limitations (10% trophic transfer efficiency)

Seismology
2 methods of anti-seismic construction
1. tuned mass damper
2. base isolation 

No comments:

Post a Comment